Arab leaders perceive the “Greater Middle East Initiative” to be an American effort to impose change, and though the program is meant to be voluntary, some fear that compulsion would not be far behind. Brzezinski asserts that the Bush administration’s proposal is out of sync with regional realities, and that the proposal is fashioned like the restructuring of post-WWII Europe rather than in harmony with the situation in the Middle East. Rather, Brzezinski says, the Bush administration needs to work out a proposal with Arab leaders before presenting it to the G-8, so that Arab leaders would not find it in conflict with their cultural and religious identity. Second, the initiative would need to recognize the necessity of a political dignity derived from self-determination; otherwise elections could lead to the empowerment of extremist, militant or authoritarian leaders. Lastly, the Bush Administration needs to define the substance of an Arab-Israeli peace settlement in the Middle East. Doing so would give credibility to the constructive motives behind the democracy initiative.